针对编译器各个模块接续依赖、自动测试困难，不利于学生学习编译器整体结构和流程的问题，提出一种层次递进式编译课程实验框架，以全国编译大赛中采用的SysY语言作为输入，按照从简到繁、从易到难的思路以及语言、算法和实现3个维度的层次化递进式扩展，阐述从初代编译器到复杂编译器的构建思路和设计方法，介绍基于在线教学平台的教学实践，最后说明教学效果。

This paper proposes a hierarchical and progressive experimental framework for compiler courses to address the challenges of sequential dependencies among compiler modules and difficulties in automated testing,which hinder students' understanding of the overall structure and workflow of compilers.Using the SysY language adopted in the national compiler contest as input,the framework guides learners through compiler construction from a primitive compiler to a sophisticated one,with hierarchical and progressive extensions across three dimensions:language features,algorithms,and implementation techniques.We elaborate on the evolutionary construction and design methodology from the first-generation compiler to complex compilers,introduce teaching practices based on an online education platform,and finally demonstrate the teaching effectiveness.